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SYMPOSIUM: ENTRAPMENT NEUROPATHIES. The electrophysiological studies in entrapment mononeuropathies

Marlena Hupało

Affiliation and address for correspondence
Aktualn Neurol 2006, 6 (4), p. 246-258
Abstract

The paper describes in detail electrophysiological studies (i.e. neurography and EMG) necessary to establish diagnosis in entrapment mononeuropathies. Neurophysiological criteria of diagnosing segmental demyelinization in entrapment neuropathies as well as axonal injury, denervation and reinnervation, allowing assessment of the degree of damage and therefore useful in choosing appropriate management were presented. Furthermore, concise anatomical knowledge on the peripheral nerves of the upper and lower limbs was reviewed pointing out distribution of motor and sensory innervation and the most frequently encountered nerve anomalies. Moreover, this paper gives a list of electroneurophysiological tests (taking into consideration the comparative techniques applied in certain cases) mandatory in establishing diagnosis in each of entrapment neuropathies of the upper and lower limb as well as in the thoracic outlet syndrome. Consequently, a detailed account of interpretation of both neurography and EMG results was given along with necessary criteria for diagnosis of each of the entrapment neuropathies. Differential diagnosis was carefully considered both in terms of localizing the compression and ruling out other entities such as radiculopathy or plexopathy. 

Keywords
entrapment mononeuropathies, nerve conduction study, electromyography, carpal tunnel syndrome, entrapment neuropathies of the upper limb, entrapment neuropathies of the lower limb, thoracic outlet syndrome

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